Three-Dimensional Automated Crystal Orientation and Phase Mapping Analysis of Epitaxially Grown Thin Film Interfaces by Using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Chang-Yeon Kim; Ji-Hyun Lee; Seung Jo Yoo; Seok-Hoon Lee; Jin-Gyu Kim

doi:10.9729/AM.2015.45.3.183

https://doi.org/10.9729/AM.2015.45.3.183

Three-Dimensional Automated Crystal Orientation and Phase Mapping Analysis of Epitaxially Grown Thin Film Interfaces by Using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Applied Microscopy 2015;45:183-8

Published online September 30, 2015

Chang-Yeon Kim^1,2, Ji-Hyun Lee^2,3, Seung Jo Yoo², Seok-Hoon Lee², and Jin-Gyu Kim^2,*

¹Gangneung Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gangneung 25457, Korea, ²Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, ³School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea

Correspondence to: Kim JG, Tel: +82-42-865-3961, Fax: +82-42-865-3939, E-mail: jjintta@kbsi.re.kr

Received September 3, 2015; Revised September 10, 2015; Accepted September 10, 2015.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract: Due to the miniaturization of semiconductor devices, their crystal structure on the nanoscale must be analyzed. However, scanning electron microscope-electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has a limitation of resolution in nanoscale and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) can be used to analyze restrictive local structural information. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) automated crystal orientation and phase mapping using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (3D TEM-EBSD) was used to identify the crystal structure relationship between an epitaxially grown CdS interfacial layer and a Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cell layer. The 3D TEM-EBSD technique clearly defined the crystal orientation and phase of the epitaxially grown layers, making it useful for establishing the growth mechanism of functional nano-materials.; Keywords : Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂, Crystal structure, Electron backscattering diffraction, Solar cell, Transmission electron microscopy

Figures

Fig. 1. Fig. 1A indicates the energy dispersive spectroscopy line profiles used to confirm the chemical composition of the Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂ layer. Fig. 1B shows the Ga/(In+Ga) ratio from the surface to the bulk region.

Fig. 2. (A) Bright field image of the Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂ (CIGS)/CdS interface. (B?D) High-resolution images and their fast Fourier transform patterns (insets) of the CIGS/CdS interface using the specimen tilting technique.

Fig. 3. Two different indexing results for the tilting series fast Fourier transform images of the Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂ (CIGS) crystal (A?C), and the simulated electron diffraction pattern of [100]_CIGS (D).

Fig. 4. (A?C) Virtual bright field images from transmission electron microscopy-electron backscatter diffraction at the Cu(In_xGa_x-1)Se₂ (CIGS)/CdS interface. (D?F) Crystal orientation and inverse pole figure (IPF) maps. (G?I) Phase maps (red, CIGS; green, CdS) and the nano-beam electron diffraction patterns.

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